The Ethiopian national dialogue could derail the federal agreement

Somalis fear that the constitutional reform will undermine their right to self-determination. The Somali region’s relationship with Ethiopian federalism has always been ambivalent. On the one hand, the federal system has failed to deliver many of the political and economic gains it promised. Political power remains concentrated in Addis Ababa, while regional governments have limited influence over national decision-making. Somalis remain underrepresented in federal institutions, including the judiciary, the military, the security services, and the civil service. The appointment of Somali officials to senior federal positions has done little to change this perception. Economic indicators tell a similar story. Despite its strategic location and access to Ethiopia’s main maritime corridor, the Somali region lags behind much of the country in terms of infrastructure, electricity coverage, telecommunications, and educational investment. These grievances have generated frustration with the practice of federalism without necessarily leading to a rejection of federalism itself. For many Somalis, the problem lies not in the constitutional framework but in its implementation.

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Ethiopia’s national dialogue could derail the federal pact – Ethiopia analysis